Buerger’s Disease, also known as Thromboangiitis Obliterans, is a medium-vessel vasculitis that is strongly associated with smoking; it is commonly seen in males younger than 40-years-old. Clinically, Buerger’s disease presents with intermittent claudication, which refers to pain caused by lack of blood flow (especially during exercise). When this affects the fingers, patients can develop Raynaud phenomenon, which refers to the fingers’ change in color from white to blue to red when placed under cold water. When the finger ischemia is even more severe, gangrene and autoamputation of the digits can occur (hence why “obliterans” is in the name). Buerger’s disease patient may also develop superficial nodular phlebitis, which refers to pain and inflammation along veins. pathology reveals a segmental, thrombosing vasculitis with vein and nerve involvement. Smoking cessation is not curative, but it has been shown to slow progression and severity of Buerger’s disease.

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Buerger disease (also known as the thromboangiitis obliterans) is a type of vasculitis that affects small and medium blood vessels and has been linked strongly to smoking. Buerger disease is characterised by poor blood flow through blood vessels due to inflammation and blood clotting. Symptoms typically include pain (claudication), increased sensitivity to cold, diminished pulses, and cyanosis. Gangrene is often a complication which may require amputation of the affected area. Learn how health care professionals diagnose Buerger disease using ultrasound and angiography. Created by Ian Mannarino.

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